| 崔子雨，孔娜，刘伟.溶剂萃取脱除大豆油中游离脂肪酸的研究[J].中国油脂,2024,49(8):.[CUI Ziyu，KONG Na，LIU Wei.Removal of free fatty acid from soybean oil by solvent extraction[J].China Oils and Fats,2024,49(8):.] |
| 溶剂萃取脱除大豆油中游离脂肪酸的研究 |
| Removal of free fatty acid from soybean oil by solvent extraction |
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.230322 |
| 中文关键词: 大豆油 有机溶剂 脱酸 辅助脱色 |
| 英文关键词:soybean oil organic solvent deacidification auxiliary decolorization |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1291 |
| 全文下载次数: 1997 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为开发处理条件温和的油脂脱酸方法，并为后续脱色工序减轻压力，采用溶剂萃取脱除大豆油中的游离脂肪酸（FFA），系统研究溶剂种类、溶剂体积分数、萃取方式、油溶比（大豆油与溶剂质量体积比）、萃取时间、萃取温度、搅拌速度和萃取次数对大豆油FFA脱除率、中性油得率和大豆油脱色率的影响，对溶剂进行回收利用，并对脱酸前后大豆油的品质进行了分析。结果表明：溶剂萃取脱除大豆油中FFA的最佳工艺条件为以90%乙醇为萃取剂、油溶比1∶ 2、萃取时间15 min、萃取温度30 ℃、搅拌速度600 r/min、萃取3次、静置分离，在此条件下FFA脱除率为87.6%，中性油得率为94.3%，大豆油脱色率为56.2%，大豆油酸值（KOH)由3.46 mg/g降至0.43 mg/g，满足国家标准一级大豆油的酸值要求；乙醇回收前后FFA脱除率、中性油得率和副产物得率均无明显差别；脱酸后大豆油的色素含量明显降低，油脂色泽得到明显改善。综上，乙醇萃取脱除大豆油中FFA条件温和，溶剂可回收，同时还有辅助脱色的作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to develop mild oil deacidification method, reduce pressure for subsequent decolorization stage, free fatty acid (FFA) was removed from soybean oil by solvent extraction. The effects of solvent type, solvent volume fraction, extraction method, oil-solvent ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature, stirring speed and extraction times on the FFA removal rate, neutral oil yield and soybean oil decolorization rate were systematically investigated. The solvent was recycled, and the quality of soybean oil before and after deacidification was analyzed. The results showed that the optimal conditions for removing FFA from soybean oil by solvent extraction were obtained as follows: 90% ethanol extraction, ratio of soybean oil mass to solvent volume 1∶ 2, extraction time 15 min, extraction temperature 30 ℃, stirring speed 600 r/min, extraction three times, and separation with sedimentation. Under these conditions, the FFA removal rate, neutral oil yield and soybean oil decolorization rate were 87.6%, 943% and 56.2%, respectively. The acid value of soybean oil decreased from 3.46 mgKOH/g to 0.43 mgKOH/g, meeting the acid value requirement of the national standard first grade soybean oil. There was no significant difference in FFA removal rate, neutral oil yield and by-product yield before and after ethanol recovery. The pigment content of soybean oil was significantly reduced after deacidification by ethanol extraction, and the color of the oil was significantly improved. In conclusion, the ethanol extraction method for removing FFA from soybean oil has mild conditions, recyclable solvents and auxiliary decolorization effect. |
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