| 张桂兰1，2，郭娟1，姚雨玲3，田波1.3种血桐属植物种子营养组成分析[J].中国油脂,2025,50(5):.[ZHANG Guilan1,2, GUO Juan1, YAO Yuling3, TIAN Bo1.Nutrient composition analysis of seeds of three Macaranga species[J].China Oils and Fats,2025,50(5):.] |
| 3种血桐属植物种子营养组成分析 |
| Nutrient composition analysis of seeds of three Macaranga species |
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240134 |
| 中文关键词: 血桐属 种仁 营养成分 神经酸 γ-氨基丁酸 谷氨酸 |
| 英文关键词:Macaranga seed kernel nutritional component nervonic acid γ-aminobutyric acid glutamic acid |
| 基金项目:云南省基础研究专项重点项目（202101AS070011）；云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目（202105AC160083） |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHANG Guilan1,2, GUO Juan1, YAO Yuling3, TIAN Bo1 | 1.CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical
Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna 666303, Yunnan, China
2.University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
3.College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,
Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在更好地开发利用血桐属植物种子，以印度血桐、盾叶木和中平树种子为原料，测定了3种血桐属植物种仁的油脂、蛋白质和总糖含量，分析了种仁、种子和种皮的脂肪酸组成，以及种仁中游离氨基酸含量。结果表明：印度血桐、盾叶木和中平树种仁中油脂含量分别为59.70%、56.68%、58.11%，蛋白质含量分别为24.64%、23.78%、21.19%，总糖含量分别为7.73%、8.88%、8.78%；3种血桐属植物种仁均以神经酸和芥酸为主要脂肪酸，印度血桐、盾叶木和中平树种仁中神经酸含量分别为45.28%、57.65%、22.97%，芥酸含量分别为35.23%、26.74%、54.83%，3种血桐属植物种皮中油酸含量最高，均超过60%，印度血桐和盾叶木种皮中分别含有20.41%和19.95%的亚油酸，而中平树种皮中棕榈酸含量达16.98%；印度血桐和盾叶木种子中油酸含量最高，分别为32.74％和37.98％，中平树种子中芥酸含量最高，为40.30％；3种血桐属植物种仁的游离氨基酸中γ-氨基丁酸和谷氨酸含量较高，印度血桐、盾叶木、中平树种仁中γ-氨基丁酸含量分别为3.11、2.95、2.93 mg/g，谷氨酸含量分别为2.29、4.02、6.60 mg/g。综上，印度血桐和盾叶木种仁中油脂含量和神经酸含量较高，具有生产神经酸的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide a reference for the improved utilization of Macaranga seeds, the oil, protein, and total sugar contents of the seed kernels of Macaranga indica, Macaranga adenantha, and Macaranga denticulata were determined. The fatty acid composition of the seed kernels, seeds, and testa, as well as the content of free amino acids in the seed kernels were analyzed. The results showed that the oil contents in Macaranga indica, Macaranga adenantha, and Macaranga denticulata seed kernels were 59.70%, 56.68%, and 58.11%, respectively. The protein contents in Macaranga indica, Macaranga adenantha, and Macaranga denticulata seed kernels were 24.64%, 23.78%, and 21.19%, respectively. The total sugar contents in Macaranga indica, Macaranga adenantha, and Macaranga denticulata seed kernels were 7.73%, 8.88%, and 8.78%, respectively. The seed kernels of all three Macaranga species contained nervonic acid and erucic acid as the predominant fatty acids. The nervonic acid contents in Macaranga indica, Macaranga adenantha, and Macaranga denticulata seed kernels were 45.28%, 57.65%, and 22.97%, respectively, while the erucic acid contents were 35.23%, 26.74%, and 54.83%, respectively. Additionally, the oleic acid content in the testa of the three of Macaranga species was the highest, with all levels exceeding 60%. The testa of Macaranga indica and Macaranga adenantha also contained 20.41% and 19.95% linoleic acid, respectively, while Macaranga denticulata testa contained 16.98% palmitic acid. The highest contents of oleic acid were found in the seeds of Macaranga indica and Macaranga adenantha at 32.74% and 37.98%, respectively, while the highest content of erucic acid was found in the seeds of Macaranga denticulata at 40.30%. In addition, the highest free amino acids of seed kernels were γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamic acid. The contents of γ-aminobutyric acid in Macaranga indica, Macaranga adenantha, and Macaranga denticulata seed kernels were 3.11, 2.95 mg/g and 2.93 mg/g, respectively, meanwhile the contents of glutamic acid were 2.29, 4.02 mg/gand 6.60 mg/g, respectively. In conclusion, the seed kernels of Macaranga indica and Macaranga adenantha possess a high oil content and a significant amount of nervonic acid, indicating their potential for the production of nervonic acid. |
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