| 宋明发1,2，邹康1，范芳玉1，常云鹤1,2，马立志1,2.不同种源山桐子采摘期内果实成分变化规律研究[J].中国油脂,2025,50(11):.[SONG Mingfa1,2,ZOU Kang1,FAN Fangyu1,CHANG Yunhe1,2,MA Lizhi1,2.Changes of fruit components in different provenances of Idesia polycarpa during picking period[J].China Oils and Fats,2025,50(11):.] |
| 不同种源山桐子采摘期内果实成分变化规律研究 |
| Changes of fruit components in different provenances of Idesia polycarpa during picking period |
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出版日期：2025-11-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240527 |
| 中文关键词: 山桐子 采摘期 不同部位 粗脂肪 蛋白质 总黄酮 总酚 脂肪酸组成 脂质伴随物 |
| 英文关键词:Idesia polycarpa picking period different parts crude fat protein total flavonoids total phenols fatty acid composition lipid concomitant |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目黔科合重大专项字〔2024〕025；贵州省林业科研项目黔林科合〔2024〕17号；贵州省特色林业产业科研项目（贵〔2022〕TSLY03）；贵州林草发展有限公司横向项目（GZ-LFGS-HZ-135-001，GZ-LFGS-HZ-135-003，GZ-LFGS-HZ-135-008） |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | SONG Mingfa1,2,ZOU Kang1,FAN Fangyu1,CHANG Yunhe1,2,MA Lizhi1,2 | 1.College of Food Science and Engineering, Guiyang University,Guiyang 550005,China
2.National Forestry Grassland Idesia polycarpa Maxim Processing and Comprehensive
Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center,Guiyang 550005,China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 探究山桐子果实的基本化学成分与其油脂在成熟过程中的积累变化规律，以确定适宜的山桐子果实采摘时间。对河南南阳、四川凉山、贵州六盘水不同采摘时间的山桐子整果、果肉和种子中的水分、粗脂肪、蛋白质、灰分、总糖、总黄酮、总酚含量及其油脂脂肪酸组成及脂质伴随物（维生素E、β-谷甾醇、角鲨烯）含量进行测定，并对各指标进行相关性分析。结果表明：不同种源山桐子果实的水分、粗脂肪、蛋白质、灰分、总糖、总黄酮、总酚含量及其油脂脂肪酸组成、脂质伴随物含量在不同采摘期以及不同部位之间均存在差异；粗脂肪、灰分、总糖、维生素E、角鲨烯含量均呈现果肉＞种子的特点，蛋白质、总黄酮、总酚、不饱和脂肪酸、β-谷甾醇含量呈现种子＞果肉的特点；相关性分析结果表明，粗脂肪含量与蛋白质、亚油酸、β-谷甾醇含量呈极显著负相关。根据采摘期内整果粗脂肪含量变化，确定河南南阳的山桐子果实最佳采摘时间为10月26日左右，四川凉山、贵州六盘水的山桐子果实最佳采摘时间为11月23日左右。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To determine the optimal picking time for Idesia polycarpa fruits, the basic chemical composition of Idesia polycarpa fruits and the accumulation patterns of its oils during maturation were investigated. The contents of moisture, crude fat, protein, ash, total sugar, total flavonoids, total phenols, and fatty acid composition and lipid concomitants (vitamin E, β-sitosterol, squalene) contents of oils in whole fruits, pulp, and seeds of Idesia polycarpa fruits picked at different times from Nanyang，Henan, Liangshan, Sichuan, and Liupanshui， Guizhou were measured. Correlation analysis was also conducted on the component indicators. The results showed that there were differences in the contents of moisture, crude fat, protein, ash, total sugar, total flavonoids, total phenols in fruits, and fatty acids composition and lipid concomitants contents in oil from different provenances and among different parts during the picking period. The contents of crude fat, ash, total sugar, vitamin E, and squalene were higher in the pulp than in the seeds, while the contents of protein, total flavonoids, total phenols, unsaturated fatty acids, and β-sitosterol were higher in the seeds than in the pulp. Correlation analysis revealed that crude fat content was very significantly negatively correlated with contents of protein, linoleic acid, and β-sitosterol. Based on the changes in crude fat content of whole fruits during the picking period, the optimal picking time for Idesia polycarpa fruits in Nanyang ,Henan is determined to be around October 26, and for fruits in Liangshan, Sichuan and Liupanshui, Guizhou, it is around November 23. |
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