| 肖小兰1,2, 刘颂家1， 谢利娟1， 阮文权1，2.厨余垃圾油脂制备生物航空燃料的预处理工艺优化[J].中国油脂,2026,51(1):.[XIAO Xiaolan1,2， LIU Songjia1， XIE Lijuan1， RUAN Wenquan1,2.Optimization of the pretreatment process for preparing bio-jet fuel from waste cooking oil[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,51(1):.] |
| 厨余垃圾油脂制备生物航空燃料的预处理工艺优化 |
| Optimization of the pretreatment process for preparing bio-jet fuel from waste cooking oil |
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240623 |
| 中文关键词: 厨余垃圾油脂 脱胶 脱色 降酸 生物航空燃料 |
| 英文关键词:waste cooking oil degumming decolorization acid reduction bio-jet fuel |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划绿色生物制造专项（2021YFC2102200） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1884 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为满足厨余垃圾油脂加氢脱氧制备生物航空燃料的工艺要求，以厨余垃圾油脂为原料，采用混合酸-水联合脱胶法、漂白土脱色法、预酯化降酸法对厨余垃圾油脂进行预处理，通过单因素实验和正交实验对反应条件进行优化，并对预处理后的厨余垃圾油脂进行傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）分析。结果表明：最佳脱胶条件为柠檬酸添加量0.4%、磷酸添加量0.4%、酸化温度80 ℃、酸化时间 40 min、水添加量4%、水化时间30 min，在此条件下厨余垃圾油脂磷脂去除率达91.22%，磷脂含量由34.62 mg/kg降到3.04 mg/kg；最佳脱色条件为漂白土添加量13%、脱色温度90 ℃、脱色时间35 min，在此条件下脱色率为93.85%；最佳降酸条件为甲醇添加量38%、浓硫酸添加量0.8%、反应温度60 ℃、反应时间6 h，在此条件下厨余垃圾油脂酯化率达到98.20%，酸值（KOH）由150.66 mg/g降到2.71 mg/g；FTIR表征发现，预处理前后厨余垃圾油脂主要官能团未发生变化。综上，预处理对厨余垃圾油脂具有良好的脱胶、脱色和降酸效果，且经过预处理后厨余垃圾油脂中主要物质未发生变化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To meet the process requirements for producing bio-jet fuel through hydrogenation and deoxygenation of waste cooking oil, the waste cooking oil was pretreated using a combined acid-water degumming method, bleaching earth decolorization, and pre-esterification acid reduction. Reaction conditions were optimized through single-factor and orthogonal experiments, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) analysis was conducted on the pretreated waste cooking oil. The results indicated that the optimal degumming conditions were citric acid dosage 0.4%, phosphoric acid dosage 0.4%, acidification temperature 80 ℃, acidification time 40 min, water dosage 4%, and hydration time 30 min. Under these conditions, the removal rate of phospholipids from waste cooking oil reached 9122%, with phospholipid content decreasing from 34.62 mg/kg to 3.04 mg/kg. The optimal decolorization conditions were bleaching earth dosage 13%, reaction temperature 90 ℃, and reaction time 35 min, achieving a decolorization rate of 93.85% under these conditions. The optimal acid reduction conditions were methanol dosage 38%, concentrated sulfuric acid dosage 08%, reaction temperature 60 ℃ and reaction time 6 h. Under these conditions, the esterification rate of waste cooking oil reached 98.20%, and the acid value decreased from 150.66 mgKOH/g to 2.71 mgKOH/g. An FTIR characterization revealed that the primary functional groups of waste cooking oil remained unchanged before and after pretreatment. In summary, pretreatment demonstrates effective degumming, decolorization, and acid reduction effects on waste cooking oil, while the primary constituents of the oil remain unchanged after pretreatment. |
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