| 熊利权1,2，习学良1,2，宁德鲁1,2，吴涛1,2.不同海拔漾濞泡核桃古树坚果品质分析
及 综合评价[J].中国油脂,2026,51(1):.[XIONG Liquan1,2, XI Xueliang1,2, NING Delu1,2,WU Tao1,2.Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of nut quality of Yangbipao walnut (Juglans sigillata) ancient trees at different altitudes[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,51(1):.] |
| 不同海拔漾濞泡核桃古树坚果品质分析
及 综合评价 |
| Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of nut quality of Yangbipao walnut (Juglans sigillata) ancient trees at different altitudes |
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250297 |
| 中文关键词: 漾濞泡核桃 古树 海拔 坚果品质 综合评价 |
| 英文关键词:Yangbipao walnut (Juglans sigillata) ancient tree altitude nut quality comprehensive evaluation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32160697）；云南省林草科技推广项目（〔2021〕ts06号） |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | XIONG Liquan1,2, XI Xueliang1,2, NING Delu1,2,WU Tao1,2 | (1.Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
2.Yunnan Technology
Innovation Center of Woody Oil, Kunming 650201, China ) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在为进一步开展核桃古树保护与利用提供参考，对4个海拔段（Ⅰ. 1 600～1 800 m，Ⅱ. 1 800～2 000 m，Ⅲ. 2 000～2 200 m，Ⅳ. 2 200～2 400 m）的漾濞泡核桃古树坚果经济性状和仁中营养成分进行了测定，并通过差异分析、相关性分析和主成分分析，综合评价不同海拔漾濞泡核桃古树的坚果品质。结果表明：海拔1 600～1 800 m漾濞泡核桃古树坚果仁的粗蛋白质、总糖、饱和脂肪酸含量和氨基酸总量均最高，分别为16.57%、3.03%、9.52%和19.20 g/100 g；海拔1 800～2 000 m的干瘪果率最小，为1.62%；海拔2 000～2 200 m的纵径、横径、棱径、三径均值、单果质量、仁质量、出仁率、粗脂肪和不饱和脂肪酸含量均最大，分别为39.68 mm、38.28 mm、32.22 mm、36.73 mm、13.82 g、7.79 g、56.38%、68.17%和92.12%；海拔2 200～2 400 m的壳最薄，为090 mm，粗纤维含量最高，为7.37%；海拔与单果质量、横径、棱径、三径均值、仁质量、粗脂肪呈极显著或显著正相关，与壳厚、粗蛋白质、总糖、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、氨基酸总量呈极显著负相关；主成分分析表明，4个海拔段漾濞泡核桃古树坚果品质综合得分排序为海拔2 000～2 200 m>海拔2 200～2 400 m>海拔1 800～2 000 m>海拔1 600～1 800 m。综上，漾濞泡核桃古树坚果品质与海拔有关，且海拔2 000～2 200 m范围的漾濞泡核桃古树坚果品质最优。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To provide a reference for further protection and utilization of ancient walnut trees, the economic traits of nuts and the nutritional components in kernels of Yangbipao walnut (Juglans sigillata) ancient trees from four altitude ranges (Ⅰ. 1 600-1 800 m, Ⅱ. 1 800-2 000 m, Ⅲ. 2 000-2 200 m, Ⅳ. 2 200-2 400 m) were determined. The nut quality of Yangbipao walnut ancient trees at different altitudes was comprehensively evaluated through variance analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis. The results showed that the crude protein, total sugar, saturated fatty acid content, and total amino acid content in kernels of Yangbipao walnut ancient trees at 1 600-1 800 m were the highest, at 16.57%, 3.03%, 9.52%, and 19.20 g/100 g, respectively. The empty shell rate at 1 800-2 000 m was the lowest, at 1.62%. The longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, suture diameter, mean value of three diameters, single nut mass, kernel mass, kernel percentage, crude fat and unsaturated fatty acid contents at 2 000-2 200 m were the highest, at 39.68 mm, 38.28 mm, 32.22 mm, 36.73 mm, 13.82 g, 7.79 g, 56.38%, 68.17%, and 92.12%, respectively. The shell was the thinnest at 2 200-2 400 m, at 0.90 mm, and the crude fiber content was the highest, at 7.37%. Altitude showed highly significant or significant positive correlations with single nut mass, transverse diameter, suture diameter, mean value of three diameters, kernel mass, and crude fat, and highly significant negative correlations with shell thickness, crude protein, total sugar, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and total amino acids content. Principal component analysis indicated that the comprehensive scores for nut quality of Yangbipao walnut ancient trees across the four altitude ranges were in the order: 2 000-2 200 m > 2 200-2 400 m > 1 800-2 000 m > 1 600-1 800 m. In conclusion, the nut quality of Yangbipao walnut ancient trees is related to altitude, and the nut quality is optimal within the altitude range of 2 000-2 200 m. |
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