| 高文于，田小飞，赵思阳，阮成江.西藏5种野生沙棘果实品质比较分析[J].中国油脂,2026,52(2):.[GAO Wenyu, TIAN Xiaofei, ZHAO Siyang, RUAN Chengjiang.Comparative analysis on the fruit quality of five wild Hippophae rhamnoides species from Xizang[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,52(2):.] |
| 西藏5种野生沙棘果实品质比较分析 |
| Comparative analysis on the fruit quality of five wild Hippophae rhamnoides species from Xizang |
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投稿时间：2024-12-21 修订日期：2025-08-06 录用日期：2025-01-13
出版日期：2026-02-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240715 |
| 中文关键词: 西藏 沙棘 含油率 脂肪酸 类胡萝卜素 |
| 英文关键词:Xizang Hippophae rhamnoides oil content fatty acid carotenoids |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32261133521，32071799）；辽宁省国际科技合作计划项目（2023JH2/10700016）；水利部沙棘开发管理中心技术委托项目（2024-zg-kj-027） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在为西藏地区沙棘种质资源的保护、开发利用和遗传改良提供依据，采集了野生西藏沙棘、柳叶沙棘、肋果沙棘、云南沙棘和江孜沙棘5种沙棘的成熟果实，对其果肉和种子的含油率、果油和籽油的脂肪酸组成以及果肉中5种类胡萝卜素（叶黄素、玉米黄质、隐黄质、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素）含量进行测定。结果表明：5种沙棘果肉和种子的含油率分别介于13.13%~22.32%和9.17%~16.59%之间，其中江孜沙棘果肉含油率最高，肋果沙棘种子含油率最高；5种沙棘果油和籽油中均检出7种脂肪酸，沙棘果油和籽油的主要脂肪酸分别为亚油酸、棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸、亚麻酸、油酸，其中西藏沙棘果油的油酸、异油酸、亚麻酸含量在5种沙棘中最高，其籽油的棕榈油酸、异油酸、亚油酸含量在5种沙棘中最高；5种沙棘果肉中5种类胡萝卜素总含量介于45.56~462.52 μg/g之间，其中仅西藏沙棘果肉中检出5种类胡萝卜素，且其中的叶黄素、玉米黄质、隐黄质、番茄红素以及类胡萝卜素总含量均明显高于其他4种沙棘。综上，西藏沙棘果油/籽油中多种脂肪酸含量较高，类胡萝卜素种类丰富且含量高，极具开发价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To provide a scientific basis for the conservation, development, utilization, and genetic improvement of Hippophae rhamnoides species distributed in Xizang, mature fruits of wild H.tibetana, H. salicifolia, H. neurocarpa, H. rhamnoides subsp. yunnanensis, and H. gyantsensis were collected. Quantitative determinations were performed on the oil content of both the pulp and seed, the fatty acid composition of pulp oil and seed oil, as well as the content of carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, β-carotene, and lycopene) present in the pulp. The results indicated that the oil content of the pulp and seed among the five Hippophae rhamnoides species ranged from 13.13% to 22.32% and 9.17% to 16.59%, respectively. H. gyantsensis exhibited the highest pulp oil content, while H. neurocarpa showed the highest seed oil content. Seven kinds of fatty acids were detected in both the pulp oil and seed oil of all five Hippophae rhamnoides species. The primary fatty acids in pulp oil were linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid, and in the seed oil were linoleic acid, linolenic acid and oleic acid. Notably, the pulp oil of H. tibetana contained the highest levels of oleic acid, vaccenic acid, and linolenic acid among the five species. Similarly, the seed oil of H. tibetana contained the highest levels of palmitoleic acid, vaccenic acid, and linoleic acid. The total content of five carotenoids in pulp of five wild Hippophae rhamnoides ranged from 45.56 μg/g to 462.52 μg/g. Significantly, all five carotenoids were detected exclusively in the pulp of H. tibetana. Furthermore, the pulp of H. tibetana contained significantly higher levels of lutein, zeaxanthin, cryptoxanthin, lycopene, and total carotenoids compared to the other four Hippophae rhamnoides species. In conclusion, the pulp/seed oil of H. tibetana contains a high level of various fatty acids and a rich variety of carotenoids with high content, making it highly valuable for development. |
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