| 严茂林1，曾瑶1，塞娜1，张洋2.中国四大油料生产区域变化特征及比较优势分析[J].中国油脂,2026,52(3):.[YAN Maolin1, ZENG Yao1, SAI Na1, ZHANG Yang2.Analysis of the changing characteristics and comparative advantages of China′s four major oilseed production regions[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,52(3):.] |
| 中国四大油料生产区域变化特征及比较优势分析 |
| Analysis of the changing characteristics and comparative advantages of China′s four major oilseed production regions |
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投稿时间：2025-03-03 修订日期：2025-10-29 录用日期：2025-03-17
出版日期：2026-03-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250111 |
| 中文关键词: 油料 生产区域 变化特征 比较优势 |
| 英文关键词:oilseed production region changing characteristics comparative advantage |
| 基金项目:农业农村部财政经费项目（JGHX202008）；国家林业和草原局管理干部学院重点项目（202308） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为推动各地区油料产业高质量发展，保障国家油料供给稳定，基于2012—2023年的宏观统计数据，分析了中国大豆、花生、油菜籽、油茶籽等四大油料的生产格局变化及其区域比较优势。研究发现：四大油料的播种面积和产量均呈现增长趋势，且具有较稳定的区域化生产特点；大豆生产主要集中在东北地区，花生生产集中在中部和东部地区，油菜籽主要分布在中部和西部地区，油茶籽生产主要集中在中部地区；东北地区在大豆生产上具有明显的规模和综合优势，属于规模主导优势区；东部地区在花生生产上具有规模和综合优势，属于规模主导优势区；中部地区在油菜籽生产上具有规模和综合优势，属于油菜籽生产规模主导优势区，西部地区则属于油菜籽生产均衡优势区；油茶籽生产方面，东部和中部地区具有均衡优势，西部地区则属于低规模劣势区。针对研究结论提出强化优质种质资源培育、深挖扩种潜力、提升生产机械化智能化水平等针对性建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To promote the high-quality development of the oilseed industry across various regions and ensure the stable supply of national oilseed, the changes in production patterns and regional comparative advantages of China′s four major oilseeds—soybean, peanut, rapeseed, and Camellia oleifera seed—based on macro-statistical data from 2012 to 2023 were analyzed. The research revealed that the sown area and production of these four oilseeds had shown an upward trend, with relatively stable regional production characteristics. Soybean production was primarily concentrated in the northeastern region, peanut production was in the central and eastern regions, while rapeseed was mainly distributed in the central and western regions, Camellia oleifera seed production was primarily concentrated in the central region. The northeastern region exhibited significant scale and comprehensive advantages in soybean production, making it a scale-dominant advantage zone. The eastern region held scale and comprehensive advantages in peanut production, classifying it as a scale-dominant advantage zone. The central region demonstrated scale and comprehensive advantages in rapeseed production, establishing it as a scale-dominant advantage zone for rapeseed, whereas the western region was a balanced advantage zone. In terms of Camellia oleifera seed production, the eastern and central regions possessed balanced advantages, while the western region was categorized as a low-scale disadvantage zone. Based on the research findings, targeted recommendations are proposed to strengthen the cultivation of high-quality germplasm resources, fully tap into expansion potential, and enhance the mechanization and intelligence levels of production. |
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