| 孙玉萍1，于雷2，杨亚1，仇长璐1，莫群英1，胡金华1，姚永佳1，龚俊1.大豆油活性白土脱色工艺的研究[J].中国油脂,2026,52(3):.[SUN Yuping1,YU Lei2,YANG Ya1,QIU Changlu1,MO Qunying1,
HU Jinhua1,YAO Yongjia1,GONG Jun1.Decolorization process of soybean oil by activated clay[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,52(3):.] |
| 大豆油活性白土脱色工艺的研究 |
| Decolorization process of soybean oil by activated clay |
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投稿时间：2025-01-12 修订日期：2025-09-11 录用日期：2025-02-28
出版日期：2026-03-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250016 |
| 中文关键词: 大豆油；脱色 活性白土；比表面积；叶绿素；储存稳定性 |
| 英文关键词:soybean oil decolorization activated clay specific surface area chlorophyll storage stability |
| 基金项目: |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | SUN Yuping1,YU Lei2,YANG Ya1,QIU Changlu1,MO Qunying1,
HU Jinhua1,YAO Yongjia1,GONG Jun1 | 1.COFCO (Dongguan) Grain and Oil Industry Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523145, Guangdong, China
2.COFCO Oils and Fats Specialized Company, Beijing 100020,China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在为油脂加工过程中的精准脱色和适度加工提供参考，研究了活性白土对大豆油脱色效果的影响,实际精炼过程中大豆油中3种主要色素（叶绿素、叶黄素和β-胡萝卜素）的脱除情况，凹凸棒黏土、助滤土与活性白土复配的比例及添加量对叶绿素的脱除情况，以及成品一级大豆油储存期内色泽和叶绿素含量的变化情况。结果表明：活性白土脱色效果与其自身性质如比表面积、产地等有关，油脂生产企业不宜只使用比表面积来评价活性白土的脱色能力，另外，活性白土添加量在达到一定值后，对脱色效果的改善作用不大；大豆油中的叶绿素在脱色工段脱除效果最好，脱除率为72%~91%，叶黄素在中和工段的脱除率为26%~34%，在脱色工段可基本脱除，β-胡萝卜素在脱色工段脱除率为4%~27%，在脱臭工段可基本脱除。复配脱色结果显示，复配脱色剂的添加量在0.8%以上，大豆油中叶绿素含量可控制在0.20 mg/kg以下，活性白土对大豆油中叶绿素的脱除能力要强于凹凸棒黏土，提高复配脱色剂中活性白土占比，脱色油中叶绿素含量降低趋势较为明显。一级大豆油在储存期内均会出现返色现象，叶绿素含量有小幅度降低。综上，实际生产中，应结合油脂的种类、原油质量、脱色剂种类、脱色剂添加量等，综合考虑成品油的质量要求，以及产品灌装后在货架期内质量的变化规律，开发合适的脱色工艺。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The aim is to provide a reference for precise decolorization and moderate processing during oil processing. The influence of activated clay on the decolorization effect of soybean oil, the removal of three major pigments (chlorophyll, lutein, and β-carotene) in soybean oil during the actual refining process, the ratio of attapulgite clay and filter aid clay blended with activated clay and their dosage on chlorophyll removal, as well as changes in color and chlorophyll content in refined grade 1 soybean oil during storage were investigated. The results indicated that the decolorization effect of activated clay was related to its own properties, such as specific surface area and origin. Oil producers should not rely solely on specific surface area to evaluate the decolorization capability of activated clay. Furthermore, once the dosage of activated clay reached a certain level, its improvement on the decolorization effect became limited. Chlorophyll was most effectively removed in the decolorization stage, with a removal rate of 72% to 91%. During the neutralization stage, the removal rate of lutein in soybean oil ranged from 26% to 34%, and it was almost completely removed in the decolorization stage. The removal rate of β-carotene ranged from 4% to 27% in the decolorization stage, and it was almost completely removed in the deodorization stage. Blended decolorization results showed that when the dosage of the blended decolorant was above 0.8%, the chlorophyll content in soybean oil could be controlled below 020 mg/kg. Activated clay had a stronger capability for removing chlorophyll from soybean oil compared to attapulgite clay. Increasing the proportion of activated clay in the blended decolorant led to a more noticeable decreasing trend in the chlorophyll content of the decolorized oil. Grade 1 soybean oil exhibited color reversion during storage, while the chlorophyll content decreased slightly. In conclusion, in actual production, appropriate decolorization processes should be developed by comprehensively considering factors such as the type of oil, crude oil quality, type and dosage of decolorant, the quality requirements of the final product, and the quality change patterns of the product during its shelf life after bottling. |
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