| 毛一帆，杨妮，赵红珍，王怡匀，高永青，王连春.云南不同地区无患子籽油脂肪酸组成
及脂质伴生物变异分析[J].中国油脂,2026,52(3):.[MAO Yifan, YANG Ni, ZHAO Hongzhen, WANG Yiyun,
GAO Yongqing, WANG Lianchun.Analysis of variations in fatty acid composition and lipid concomitants of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. seed oil from different regions of Yunnan[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,52(3):.] |
| 云南不同地区无患子籽油脂肪酸组成
及脂质伴生物变异分析 |
| Analysis of variations in fatty acid composition and lipid concomitants of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. seed oil from different regions of Yunnan |
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投稿时间：2025-01-06 修订日期：2025-09-23 录用日期：2025-02-17
出版日期：2026-03-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250008 |
| 中文关键词: 无患子 含油率 脂肪酸组成 脂质伴生物 |
| 英文关键词:Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. oil content fatty acid composition lipid concomitants |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD2201103） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在为无患子籽油的综合开发利用及培育无患子优良品种提供参考，以云南16 个地区的无患子种仁为原料提取油脂，对无患子种仁含油率、油脂的脂肪酸组成和脂质伴生物含量等相关的17个指标进行测定，结合相关性分析、聚类分析和主成分分析对不同地区无患子种质品质进行比较和综合评价。结果表明：16个地区无患子的17个指标间差异较大，变异系数在5%~133%，其中棕榈烯酸（133%）和α-生育酚（66%）变异较大，油酸（5%）和种仁含油率（8%）变异较小；17个指标中种仁含油率、油酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、二十二碳酸、α-生育酚、δ-生育酚显示出显著的地理环境相关性；聚类分析将16个地区无患子种质划分为2个类群，其中基诺乡种质为第一类群，其余地区种质为第二类群，基诺乡无患子种质的棕榈酸、棕榈烯酸含量显著高于第二类群，且基诺乡的无患子种质综合评价得分最高，为159。综上，云南不同地区无患子籽油的脂肪酸组成及脂质伴生物含量存在差异，其中基诺乡无患子种质品质最优。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide a reference for the comprehensive development and utilization of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. seed oil and cultivation of excellent varieties of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn., seed kernels from 16 regions in Yunnan were used as raw materials to extract oils, and 17 indicators related to kernel oil content, and fatty acid composition and lipid concomitants content of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. seed oil were determined. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis were used to compare and comprehensively evaluate the quality of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. germplasm from different regions. The results showed that there were significant differences among the 17 indicators of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. seed from the 16 regions, with coefficients of variation ranging from 5% to 133%. Among them, palmitoleic acid (133%) and α-tocopherol (66%) showed relatively large variations, while oleic acid (5%) and kernel oil content (8%) showed relatively small variations. Among the 17 indicators, kernel oil content, oleic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, eicosanoic acid, α-, and δ-tocopherol showed significant geographic environmental correlations.Cluster analysis divided the germplasm of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. from the 16 regions into two major groups: Jinuo Township germplasm formed the first group, and the germplasm from the other 15 regions formed the second group. The contents of palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid in Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. seed oil from Jinuo Township were significantly higher than those in the second group, and the comprehensive evaluation score of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. germplasm from Jinuo Township was the highest at 1.59.In conclusion, there are differences in fatty acid composition and lipid concomitants content of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. germplasm from different regions in Yunnan. Among them, the quality of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. seed oil from Jinuo Township is the best. |
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