| 吴秋雨1，林红1,2，从艳霞1,2，张维农1,2,3.基于NMR技术的油菜营养物质提取优化
及油菜水分、蛋白质含量分析[J].中国油脂,2026,52(3):.[WU Qiuyu1, LIN Hong1,2, CONG Yanxia1,2, ZHANG Weinong1,2,3.NMR-based optimization of nutrient extraction and analysis of moisture and protein content in Brassica napus L.[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,52(3):.] |
| 基于NMR技术的油菜营养物质提取优化
及油菜水分、蛋白质含量分析 |
| NMR-based optimization of nutrient extraction and analysis of moisture and protein content in Brassica napus L. |
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投稿时间：2024-01-12 修订日期：2025-01-02 录用日期：2024-06-04
出版日期：2026-03-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240034 |
| 中文关键词: 油菜；水分；蛋白质 核磁共振；代谢组学 |
| 英文关键词:Brassica napus L. moisture protein NMR metabolomics |
| 基金项目:“十四五”国家重点研发计划“油菜产业关键技术研究与应用示范”(2021YFD1600500) |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | WU Qiuyu1, LIN Hong1,2, CONG Yanxia1,2, ZHANG Weinong1,2,3 | 1.College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
2.Key
Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430023, China
3.Hubei Fine Chemical Engineering Technology of Oil and Fat Research Center, Wuhan 430023, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在为油菜的品质评价与遗传改良奠定方法与数据基础，以大地95油菜（甘蓝型）为研究对象，干质量偏差为指标，结合1H NMR谱图，对不同极性提取剂添加顺序、提取剂用量、冷冻干燥时间3个提取营养物质的条件进行了优化，在此基础上，以油菜营养物质得率为指标，对提取剂种类、料液比、提取次数3个提取条件进行了优化。同时，分析了6个不同品种和生长期油菜中水分和蛋白质含量，对比了大地95油菜蕾薹期不同部位（叶、茎、花苞）的蛋白质含量。结果表明：通过干质量偏差和1H NMR谱图，确定以极性溶剂提取油菜营养物质，冷冻干燥时间为72 h；极性溶剂提取油菜营养物质的最佳条件为提取剂为50%甲醇、料液比1∶ 10、提取次数3次；代谢组学分析表明，氨基酸在花苞中的含量较高，而糖类物质在茎中的含量最高；不同品种、不同生长期油菜的水分含量均在80%以上；不同品种油菜的蛋白质含量差异不大，但蕾薹期的蛋白质含量最高（36%左右），其次是花期（29%左右）和苗期（18%左右）；在蕾薹期时，大地95油菜叶片中的蛋白质含量（36%左右）明显高于茎（19%左右）和花苞（31%左右）。综上，所构建的基于NMR技术的油菜前处理方法，有助于揭示油菜营养物质积累与分布规律。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Aiming to establish methodological and data foundations for rape quality evaluation and genetic improvement, with the Brassica napus cultivar Dadi 95 as the research subject, the extraction conditions for rape nutrients were optimized based on a dry weight deviation index combined with 1H NMR spectral analysis. Key parameters including the sequence of polar/non-polar solvent addition, solvent volume, and freeze-drying time were systematically evaluated. Subsequently, under the optimized basic conditions, the extraction solvent type, solid-to-liquid ratio, and extraction times were further optimized using rape nutrients yield as the indicator. Furthermore, the moisture and protein contents of six rape varieties at different growth stages were analyzed, and the protein content in different plant parts (stem, leaf, and flower bud) of Dadi 95 at the bolting and budding stage was compared. The results indicated that the dry weight deviation and 1H NMR spectra confirmed polar solvent extraction with freeze-drying time of 72 h to be optimal. The optimal polar solvent extraction conditions were 50% methanol as the solvent, solid-to-liquid ratio 1∶ 10, and extraction times 3. Metabolomic analysis revealed that amino acids were more abundant in flower buds, whereas sugar compounds were the highest in stems. All rape samples (varieties and growth stages) exhibited over 80% moisture content. Protein content showed minimal variation between varieties, peaking at approximately 36% during the bolting and budding stage, followed by flowering (around 29%) and seedling stages (approximately 18%). During the bolting and budding stage, protein content in Dadi 95 leaves (approximately 36%) was markedly higher than in stems (approximately 19%) and flower buds (approximately 31%). In summary, the established NMR-based pretreatment method for rape facilitates the elucidation of nutrient accumulation and distribution patterns within the plant. |
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