| 毕倩倩1， 赵媛媛1， 张浩俊1， 王砚熙1， 叶兴旺2， 韦伟1， 刘正冬2， 王兴国1.基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS的婴儿脂质吸收特征研究[J].中国油脂,2026,52(3):.[BI Qianqian1, ZHAO Yuanyuan1, ZHANG Haojun1, WANG Yanxi1,
YE Xingwang2, WEI Wei1, LIU Zhengdong2, WANG Xingguo1.Characterization of lipid absorption of infants using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,52(3):.] |
| 基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS的婴儿脂质吸收特征研究 |
| Characterization of lipid absorption of infants using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS |
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投稿时间：2025-03-11 修订日期：2025-11-19 录用日期：2025-04-14
出版日期：2026-03-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250127 |
| 中文关键词: 婴儿 粪便脂质 皂化脂肪酸 UPLC-Q-TOF-MS 脂质组学 脂质吸收 |
| 英文关键词:infant fecal lipids saponified fatty acids UPLC-Q-TOF-MS lipidomics lipid absorption |
| 基金项目: |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | BI Qianqian1, ZHAO Yuanyuan1, ZHANG Haojun1, WANG Yanxi1,
YE Xingwang2, WEI Wei1, LIU Zhengdong2, WANG Xingguo1 | 1.School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
2.Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co. , Ltd. , Hohhot 011500, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在为研究婴儿的脂质吸收情况提供理论支撑，以母乳喂养和配方奶粉喂养的30 d和90 d健康足月婴儿粪便为研究对象，采用索氏提取法提取中性脂肪，采用高效液相色谱法分析其组成，并采用酸化反应分离粪便中的皂化脂肪酸，测定粪便甘油三酯（TAG）、游离脂肪酸和皂化脂肪酸含量，进一步采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）测定皂化脂肪酸组成，并对中性脂肪进行脂质组学分析。结果表明：婴儿粪便中未消化的TAG含量为3.78%~688%（以粪便干物质质量计），游离脂肪酸含量为15.21%~18.35%，皂化脂肪酸含量为7.64%~21.71%；母乳喂养组TAG、游离脂肪酸和皂化脂肪酸含量均低于配方奶粉喂养组，但两者均无显著差异，随着喂养时间的延长，各组分含量降低；婴儿粪便中主要的皂化脂肪酸为饱和脂肪酸，包括棕榈酸和硬脂酸等；婴儿粪便中脂类达到655种，喂养30 d和90 d婴儿粪便中含量最高的脂类均为TAG，前者含量第二高的脂类为固醇脂类（ST），而后者为磷脂酰乙醇胺；母乳喂养和配方奶粉喂养30 d婴儿粪便中差异显著的脂质有ST（28∶ 2）、TAG（18∶ 2/18∶ 2/18∶ 2）、TAG（10∶ 0/18∶ 2/17∶ 3）、甘油二酯（DAG）（38∶ 1）和DAG（52∶ 3）等，而喂养90 d的为ST（28∶ 2）、TAG（16∶ 2/16∶ 2/16∶ 2）和TAG（18∶ 1/18∶ 2/20∶ 4）等。综上，基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析婴儿粪便脂质组成，可有效评估婴儿的脂质吸收状态。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide theoretical support for investigating infant lipid absorption, fecal samples from healthy, full-term infants at 30 d and 90 d of age, who were either breast-fed or formula-fed, were collected as research subjects. Neutral lipids were extracted using the Soxhlet extraction method, and their composition was analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography. Acidification was employed to isolate saponified fatty acids in infant feces, allowing for the quantification of fecal triglycerides (TAG), free fatty acids, and saponified fatty acids. Furthermore, the composition of saponified fatty acids was determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), and a lipidomic analysis of the neutral lipids was performed. The results indicated that undigested TAG accounted for 3.78%-6.88% of the infant fecal dry matter. The contents of free fatty acids and saponified fatty acids ranged from 1521% to 18.35% and 7.64% to 21.71%, respectively. The levels of TAG, free fatty acids, and saponified fatty acids in the breast-fed group were lower than those in the formula-fed group, although no significant differences were observed. The content of these components decreased with feeding time prolonging. The primary saponified fatty acids in infant feces were saturated fatty acids, including palmitic acid and stearic acid. Up to 655 lipid species were identified in the infant feces. TAG were the most abundant lipid class in both 30 d and 90 d infant feces. However, sterol lipid (ST) were the second most abundant in 30 d infant feces, whereas phosphatidylethanolamines held this position in 90 d infant feces. Significantly differential lipids between 30 d breast-fed and formula-fed infants feces included ST (28∶ 2), TAG (18∶ 2/18∶ 2/18∶ 2), TAG (10∶ 0/18∶ 2/17∶ 3), diglycerides (DAG) (38∶ 1), and DAG (52∶ 3). For 90 d infants feces, the differential lipids included ST (28∶ 2), TAG (16∶ 2/16∶ 2/16∶ 2), and TAG (18∶ 1/18∶ 2/20∶ 4). In conclusion, infant lipid absorption status can be effectively assessed by analyzing the fecal lipid composition using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. |
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