| 周进1，田康2，常俊明3.餐饮废油预处理脱磷技术研究进展[J].中国油脂,2026,51(4):.[ZHOU Jin1,TIAN Kang2,CHANG Junming3.Research progress in dephosphorization technologies for pretreatment of waste cooking oil[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,51(4):.] |
| 餐饮废油预处理脱磷技术研究进展 |
| Research progress in dephosphorization technologies for pretreatment of waste cooking oil |
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250125 |
| 中文关键词: 餐饮废油 脱磷技术 工艺优化 磷形态 |
| 英文关键词:waste cooking oil dephosphorization technology process optimization phosphorus forms |
| 基金项目: |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | ZHOU Jin1,TIAN Kang2,CHANG Junming3 | 1.Yingkou Ningtai Environmental Protection Technology Co. , Ltd. , Yingkou 115000, Liaoning, China
2.Zhongshenghuiyi (Shanghai) Technology Co. , Ltd. , Shanghai 201500, China
3.Green Energy
Institute, Beijing Sanju New Energy Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 100080, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着全球能源转型的推进，餐饮废油作为一种重要的可再生资源，在生产生物航煤领域展现出巨大潜力。然而，餐饮废油磷含量高（通常>30 mg/kg），在加氢过程中易导致催化剂中毒失活，严重制约其产业化应用，因此高效脱磷成为餐饮废油预处理的核心技术挑战。分析了餐饮废油中磷的复杂来源与存在形态，阐述了基于植物油精炼的传统脱磷工艺（如水化脱胶、酸法脱胶），传统工艺在处理成分多变、酸值高、杂质复杂的餐饮废油时存在适应性差、经济性不佳等局限性。为应对上述挑战，综述了EDTA络合法、超声波辅助、加氢工艺等新型脱磷技术，通过螯合金属离子或利用空化效应等，能有效提升对非水化磷脂的去除效率，而加氢工艺本身的革新，如沸腾床技术的应用，降低了对原料预处理深度的要求，增强了工艺韧性。另外，提出了混合酸处理、多技术耦合技术，并通过副产物资源化回收等策略提升经济性。未来研发重点应集中于深化基础研究、技术集成与创新、智能化与柔性化，并结合全链条技术经济评估，最终推动餐饮废油制生物航煤产业实现高效、经济、规模化发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the advancement of the global energy transition, waste cooking oil, as an important renewable resource, has demonstrated significant potential in the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). However, its high phosphorus content (typically>30 mg/kg) tends to cause catalyst poisoning and deactivation during the hydrogenation process, severely hindering its industrial-scale application. Therefore, efficient dephosphorization has become a core technical challenge of pretreatment of waste cooking oil. The complex sources and forms of phosphorus in waste cooking oil were analyzed,and traditional dephosphorization processes based on vegetable oil refining, such as hydration and acid degumming were elaborated, the limitations of these conventional methods such as poor adaptability and suboptimal economic performance were also elaborated when dealing with waste cooking oil, which featured variable composition, high acid value, and complex impurities. To address these challenges, novel dephosphorization technologies were reviewed, including EDTA complexation method, ultrasound-assisted method, and advanced hydrogenation process. The removal efficiency of non-hydratable phospholipids was enhanced by chelating metal ions or utilizing cavitation effect，and the innovations in hydrogenation technology, such as the application of ebullated-bed reactors, reduced the required depth of feedstock pretreatment and enhanced process robustness. In addition, mixed-acid treatment, multi-technology integration, and by-product resource recovery were proposed to improve economic viability. Future research should focus on deepening fundamental studies, technological integration and innovation, as well as the development of intelligent and flexible systems, and combined with a comprehensive techno-economic assessment of the entire value chain, these efforts will ultimately promote the efficient, economical, and large-scale development of the waste cooking oil to SAF industry. |
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