| 于茗迪1，陈黄思雨1，王盈盈1，周炫霖1，俞乐2，薛皓珅1，李蕊潼1，
昝闻博1，金俊1,3，金青哲1,3，王兴国1,3.DHA甘油酯和磷脂的资源分布及酶法制备
技术研究进展[J].中国油脂,2026,51(6):.[YU Mingdi1, CHEN Huangsiyu1, WANG Yingying1, ZHOU Xuanlin1,
YU Le2, XUE Haoshen1, LI Ruitong1, ZAN Wenbo1, JIN Jun1,3,
JIN Qingzhe1,3, WANG Xingguo1,3.Research progress on resource distribution and enzymatic preparation of structural DHA in glyceride and phospholipid[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,51(6):.] |
| DHA甘油酯和磷脂的资源分布及酶法制备
技术研究进展 |
| Research progress on resource distribution and enzymatic preparation of structural DHA in glyceride and phospholipid |
|
投稿时间：2025-04-19 修订日期：2025-11-30 录用日期：2025-07-01
出版日期：2026-06-20
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250205 |
| 中文关键词: DHA 大脑功能 位置分布 甘油酯 磷脂 |
| 英文关键词:DHA brain function position distribution glyceride phospholipid |
| 基金项目:国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202410295007Z）；江苏省省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目（202510295115Y）；国家乳业技术创新中心关键技术攻关项目（2023-JSGG-19）；广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2022B0202010001） |
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| Author Name | Affiliation | | YU Mingdi1, CHEN Huangsiyu1, WANG Yingying1, ZHOU Xuanlin1,
YU Le2, XUE Haoshen1, LI Ruitong1, ZAN Wenbo1, JIN Jun1,3,
JIN Qingzhe1,3, WANG Xingguo1,3 | 1.State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resource, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan
University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
2.Jiahe Food Industry Co. , Ltd. , Suzhou 215004, Jiangsu,
China
3.Zhongyuan Food Laboratory, Luohe 462300, Henan, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）是维持大脑和视力功能的重要脂类，其中甘油酯型和磷脂型DHA通常具备更高的生物可及性。为给DHA结构脂的酶法制备及品质控制提供参考，综述了藻油、鱼油和海洋哺乳动物油脂中DHA的含量及其在甘油酯/磷脂分子结构中的位置分布特征，讨论了利用脂肪酶通过醇解、酯交换、酸解等反应定向合成sn-2 DHA单甘酯、sn-2 DHA甘油三酯、磷脂型DHA和溶血磷脂型DHA的技术路径及关键工艺参数，比较了典型分析方法测定DHA位置分布的差异。酶法合成可实现DHA在特定位置的富集，是规模化制备DHA结构脂的理想选择。借助南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B（CALB）水解处理的分析方法，能更准确地测定sn-2位DHA含量，克服了传统方法因DHA空间位阻导致的测定值偏差问题。DHA结构脂将是DHA营养支持的重要开发方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important lipid for maintaining brain and visual functions, with glyceride and phospholipid forms of DHA generally exhibiting higher bioaccessibility. To provide insights for enzymatic preparation and quality control of DHA-structured lipids, DHA contents in algal oils, fish oils, and marine mammalian oils were summarized, as well as the positional distribution characteristics of DHA in glyceride and phospholipid molecular structures. The technical pathways and key process parameters for the directional synthesis of sn-2 DHA monoglyceride, sn-2 DHA triglyceride, phospholipid-type DHA, and lysophospholipid-type DHA using lipase-catalyzed reactions such as alcoholysis, transesterification, and acidolysis were discussed. Differences in typical analytical methods for determining DHA positional distribution were also compared. Enzymatic synthesis enabled the enrichment of DHA at specific positions, making it an ideal choice for a large-scale preparation of DHA-structured lipids. The use of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) in analytical methods allowed for more accurate determination of sn-2 DHA content, overcoming the deviation caused by steric hindrance of DHA in traditional methods. DHA-structured lipids represent a crucial development direction for DHA nutritional support. |
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