| 李婧妍，郭春锋，李琴，刘拉平.脂肪酸含量分析结合化学计量学鉴别
掺伪核桃油方法研究[J].中国油脂,2026,51(8):.[LI Jingyan,GUO Chunfeng, LI Qin, LIU Laping.Identification of adulterated walnut oil based on fatty acid content analysis and chemometrics methods[J].China Oils and Fats,2026,51(8):.] |
| Identification of adulterated walnut oil based on fatty acid content analysis and chemometrics methods |
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投稿时间：2025-11-24 修订日期：2026-03-26 录用日期：2026-01-16
Published：
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.250499 |
| KeyWord:walnut oil adulteration identification fatty acid composition chemometrics methods |
| FundProject:陕西省重点研发计划项目（2023-YBNY-191）；秦创原“科学家+工程师”队伍建设项目（2024QCY-KXJ-084）；西安市农业技术攻关项目（2024JH-NYYB-0134）；陕西省市场监督管理局科技计划项目（2023KY29）；宁夏中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（2024FDR05071） |
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| Abstract: |
| To provide a new screening and theoretical reference for the adulteration identification of walnut oil, an adulteration identification method was established based on fatty acid content analysis combined with chemometric techniques. The fatty acid compositions of walnut oil and six common vegetable oils (soybean oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, maize oil, sunflower seed oil and olive oil) were determined using gas chromatography. Cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to explore the distribution patterns of various fatty acids in different vegetable oils and to screen for vegetable oils that could potentially adulterate walnut oil. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were used to construct qualitative and quantitative models for walnut oil adulteration identification, respectively. The results showed that there were varying degrees of differences in the fatty acid composition among the six vegetable oils and walnut oil. HCA and PCA revealed that sunflower seed oil and maize oil exhibited the closest similarity to walnut oil in terms of fatty acid composition, suggesting they could be used as adulterants for walnut oil. The established PLS-DA model could distinguish adulterated oils with an adulteration level of 5% or more, and identified characteristic fatty acids for adulteration with sunflower seed oil (lignoceric acid, linolenic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and linoleic acid) and for adulteration with maize oil (linoleic acid, linolenic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid). The determination coefficients (R2) of the quantitative prediction models for walnut oil adulterated with sunflower seed oil and maize oil, established based on multiple stepwise linear regression analysis, were both greater than 0.9. Validation of the two quantitative models showed a good linear relationship between the actual adulteration level (5%-50%) and the predicted adulteration level within the 95% confidence interval, with R2 values exceeding 0.98 for both models. In conclusion, the established multiple stepwise linear regression analysis models can be applied for the quantitative identification of sunflower seed oil and maize oil adulterated in walnut oil. |
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