| 崔芯文1，孙明哲1，2，关淳博1，张秀清1.酸解预处理对酸枣仁油不皂化物含量
及抗氧化活性的影响[J].中国油脂,2025,50(3):.[CUI Xinwen1，SUN Mingzhe1，2，GUAN Chunbo1，ZHANG Xiuqing1.Effect of acid hydrolysis pretreatment on unsaponifiable matter content and antioxidant activity of Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil[J].China Oils and Fats,2025,50(3):.] |
| 酸解预处理对酸枣仁油不皂化物含量
及抗氧化活性的影响 |
| Effect of acid hydrolysis pretreatment on unsaponifiable matter content and antioxidant activity of Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 酸枣仁油 酸解 不皂化物 抗氧化活性 |
| 英文关键词:Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil acid hydrolysis unsaponifiable matter antioxidant activity |
| 基金项目:中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2021M700505）；北京市博士后工作经费资助项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了提高酸枣仁油的附加值，以酸枣仁为原料对其进行酸解预处理，并采用石油醚提取酸枣仁油。以酸枣仁油中不皂物含量为指标，采用单因素试验和正交试验优化酸解预处理的工艺条件，并分析酸解预处理对酸枣仁油不皂化物组成、得率、理化指标及抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明：酸解预处理酸枣仁的最优工艺条件为酸解时间2.5 h、酸解温度50 ℃、盐酸-乙醇溶液浓度3.0 mol/L、料液比1∶ 15，在此条件下酸枣仁油中不皂化物含量为（2.29±0.03）%，与未酸解预处理的酸枣仁油相比提高了3.24倍；酸解预处理不影响酸枣仁油不皂化物的组成，均含有植醇、香叶基香叶醇、角鲨烯、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇、γ-谷甾醇、羽扇豆醇、桦木脂醛；酸解预处理不影响酸枣仁油得率、过氧化值、皂化值，但酸枣仁油酸值升高，碘值降低；酸解预处理使酸枣仁油对DPPH·和ABTS＋·的清除能力增强。综上，酸解预处理酸枣仁有效提高了酸枣仁油中不皂化物的含量，使酸枣仁油抗氧化活性显著增强。
关键词：酸枣仁油；酸解；不皂化物；抗氧化活性 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to improve the added value of Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil, Ziziphi spinosae Semen was pretreated by acid hydrolysis, and Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil was extracted by petroleum ether. With the unsaponifiable matter content in the oil as an index, single factor and orthogonal experiments were used to optimize acid hydrolysis pretreatment conditions of Ziziphi spinosae Semen. The effects of acid hydrolysis pretreatment on the composition of unsaponifiable matter, yield, physicochemical indexes and antioxidant activity of Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil were analysed. The results showed that the optimal processes of acid hydrolysis pretreatment were obtained as follows: acid hydrolysis time 2.5 h, acid hydrolysis temperature 50 ℃, hydrochloric acid-ethanol solution concentration 3.0 mol/L, and solid-liquid ratio 1∶ 15. Under these conditions, the content of unsaponifiable matter in Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil was (2.29±003)%, which was increased by 3.24 times compared with that unpretreated with acid hydrolysis. The acid hydrolysis pretreatment of Ziziphi spinosae Semen did not affect the composition of unsaponifiable matter in Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil, which contained phytol, geranyl geraniol, squalene, campesterol, stigmasterol, γ-sitosterol, lupeol, and betulinicaldehyde. The acid hydrolysis pretreatment did not affect the yield, peroxide value and saponification value, but the acid value of Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil increased, and the iodine value decreased. The ability of Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil to scavenge DPPH and ABTS+ free radicals was enhanced. In conclusion, the acid hydrolysis pretreatment of Ziziphi spinosae Semen can effectively increase the content of unsaponifiable matter in Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil, and significantly improve the antioxidant activity of the Ziziphi spinosae Semen oil. |
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