| 宇盛好，李亦奇，彭少杰.上海市市售食用植物油中氯丙醇酯的
污染状况和暴露评估[J].中国油脂,2025,50(6):.[YU Shenghao, LI Yiqi, PENG Shaojie.Contamination status and exposure assessment of chloropropanol esters in edible vegetable oils sold in Shanghai[J].China Oils and Fats,2025,50(6):.] |
| 上海市市售食用植物油中氯丙醇酯的
污染状况和暴露评估 |
| Contamination status and exposure assessment of chloropropanol esters in edible vegetable oils sold in Shanghai |
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240342 |
| 中文关键词: 食用植物油 氯丙醇酯 污染状况 暴露评估 |
| 英文关键词:edible vegetable oil chloropropanol esters contamination status exposure assessment |
| 基金项目:2024年度上海市市场监督管理局科技项目（2024-51） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 旨在为食用植物油中氯丙醇酯（MCPDE）的安全监管以及标准制定提供参考，利用2020—2024年上海市市售食用植物油中MCPDE的监测数据，结合居民植物油消费量数据，采用点评估法评估上海市居民经食用植物油摄入3-MCPDE、2-MCPDE的暴露情况。结果表明：270件食用植物油中3-MCPDE和2-MCPDE的总体检出率分别为83.0%和744%，含量均值分别为1 009.5 μg/kg和331.3 μg/kg，最大值分别为18 500 μg/kg和9 500 μg/kg；参照欧盟(EU)2023/915规定的植物油中3-氯丙醇（3-MCPD）与3-MCPDE之和的限量值进行评价，食用植物油样品中3-MCPDE的超标率为11.1%；稻米油中3-MCPDE和2-MCPDE的含量均值均最高，分别为2 957.3 μg/kg和1 447.5 μg/kg，其次为芝麻油和油茶籽油，最低为橄榄油；国产食用植物油中3-MCPDE和2-MCPDE的含量均值分别为1 067.9 μg/kg和350.0 μg/kg，均高于进口样品；不同品牌芝麻油中3-MCPDE和2-MCPDE含量均存在显著差异（p＜0.05）；上海市不同年龄组居民每日经食用植物油摄入3-MCPDE的平均暴露量范围为0.475~1.169 μg/（kg·d)，是欧洲食品安全局规定3-MCPD及其酯的每日耐受摄入量〔TDI，2 μg/（kg·d）〕的23.8%~58.4%；不同年龄组居民每日经食用植物油摄入2-MCPDE的平均暴露量为0.156~0.383 μg/（kg·d）。综上，上海市3岁及以上居民经食用植物油摄入3-MCPDE的健康风险较低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To provide reference for the safety supervision and standard establishment for chloropropanol esters (MCPDE) in edible vegetable oils, based on the monitoring data of MCPDE in edible vegetable oils sold in Shanghai from 2020 to 2024, combined with the vegetable oil consumption data of residents, the 3-MCPDE and 2-MCPDE exposure levels of Shanghai residents through edible vegetable oil were assessed by point assessment method. The results showed that the total detection rates of 3-MCPDE and 2-MCPDE in 270 edible vegetable oils were 83.0% and 74.4%, with mean contents of 1 009.5 μg/kg and 331.3 μg/kg, and maximum values were 18 500 μg/kg and 9 500 μg/kg, respectively. According to the EU 2023/915 on the maximum lever of sum of 3-MCPD and 3-MCPDE in vegetable oils, it was found that the exceeding rate of 3-MCPDE in the samples was 11.1%. The mean contents of 3-MCPDE and 2-MCPDE in rice bran oil were the highest, which were 2 957.3 μg/kg and 1 447.5 μg/kg, respectively, followed by sesame seed oil and oil-tea camellia seed oil, olive oil was the lowest. The mean contents of 3-MCPDE and 2-MCPDE in domestic edible vegetable oil were 1 067.9 μg/kg and 350.0 μg/kg, respectively, both higher than imported samples. The contents of 3-MCPDE and 2-MCPDE in sesame seed oil of different brands were significantly different (p<0.05). The mean daily exposure of 3-MCPDE from edible vegetable oils among residents of different age groups in Shanghai ranged from 0.475 μg/(kg·d) to 1.169 μg/(kg·d), accounting for 23.8%-58.4% of the tolerable daily intake(TDI) of 2 μg/(kg·d) for 3-MCPD and its esters established by EFSA. The mean daily exposure of 2-MCPDE from edible vegetable oils among residents of different age groups ranged from 0.156 μg/(kg·d) to 0.383 μg/(kg·d). In conclusion, the health risk of 3-MCPDE intake through edible vegetable oil in Shanghai residents aged 3 years and older is low. |
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