Abstract, as an important part of scientific and technological thesis, is an essential content of scientific and technological thesis. According to the definition of abstract in GB7713-1987, the abstract is a complete short article, which should be self-explanatory and independent.

When writing the abstract, you should pay attention to the following: use the third person, do not use "this paper ......", "the author ......" and other subjects; should be The abstract should be written continuously without paragraphs, without diagrams, tables, chemical structure formulas and non-public symbols, codes or terms.

The general requirements of the abstract are short, concise, complete and faithful to the original text. For research papers, it should cover the four aspects of research objectives, methods, results and conclusions, which correspond to the introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion, and conclusions of the paper. For review-type and application-practice-type papers, the format of research-type papers can be referred to for preparation, and the word count is not too small.

At present, the main problems that often occur in the abstract are as follows:

1. There is no purpose of the study, and it is straightforward to write what was done (equivalent to the methodology), or there is a lot of background narration without refining the purpose.

2. the methods are not written together, a method and a result.

3. There is no conclusion, or the conclusion is a self-commentary on the paper.