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| 大麻种子含油量及油脂脂肪酸组成分析 |
| Oil content and fatty acid composition of hemp seed |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 大麻种子 含油量 脂肪酸 相关性 |
| 英文关键词:hemp seed oil content fatty acid correlation |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明大麻种子油开发利用价值，采取索氏抽提法和气相色谱法对大麻种子含油量、脂肪酸组成及其相关性进行了研究与分析。结果表明：大麻种子含油量较高，最高达36.10%，其中超过34.20%的品种达5个；大麻种子油主要由棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸和α-亚麻酸等组成，其中不饱和脂肪酸含量为86.89%~98.79%，均值达89.50%；大麻种子油多不饱和脂肪酸含量丰富，均值达77.05%，其中亚油酸含量超过59%的有4个品种；亚麻酸含量均值达19.90%，其中α-亚麻酸大于20%的品种达5个。相关分析表明，大麻种子含油量与油中亚油酸、α-亚麻酸存在负相关，与油酸和γ-亚麻酸呈正相关，其中与α-亚麻酸达显著水平。综合分析可见，大麻种子油具有较高含油量和丰富不饱和脂肪酸，其亚麻酸含量明显优于大多食用植物油的，具有较好开发利用前景。云麻6号的亚油酸和α-亚麻酸及云麻4号的γ-亚麻酸含量均极为丰富，显著高于其他品种，表明这两个品种在开发相应高脂肪酸保健食品、特种植物油和品质育种研究等方面具有重要应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the development and utilization value of hemp seed oil, the seed oil content, fatty acid composition and their correlation were studied and analyzed by Soxhlet extraction method and gas phase chromatography. The results showed that oil content of hemp seed was higher,up to 36.10%，of which more than 34.20% of the species reached five. Hemp seed oil was mainly composed of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid,γ-linolenic acid and α-linolenic acid. The content of unsaturated fatty acid was 86.89%-98.79%, and its average value was 89.50%. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acid was high, and its average value was 77.05%, of which linoleic acid content more than 59% had four varieties. The average value of linolenic acid content was 19.90%, of which α-linolenic acid content more than 20% of the species reached five. Correlation analysis showed that the oil content of hemp seed was negatively correlated with linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, positively correlated with oleic acid and γ-linolenic acid, and the relationship between α-linolenic acid and oil content reached significant level. Comprehensive analysis showed that hemp seed oil had high oil content and rich unsaturated fatty acid, and its linolenic acid content was higher than that of many edible vegetable oils, which had good development and utilization prospects. The γ-linolenic acid of Yunma No.4 and the linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid of Yunma No.6 were abundant, significantly higher than those of other cultivars, showing that these two species had important application value for developing corresponding high fatty acid health food, special vegetable oil and quality breeding research. |
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