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| 采收期和处理方法对油茶籽及其油脂营养物质积累的影响 |
| Effects of harvest time and treatment methods on nutrient accumulation of oil-tea camellia seed and its oil |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 油茶籽 采收 处理 营养品质 活性成分 |
| 英文关键词:oil-tea camellia seed harvest treatment nutritional quality active ingredient |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过对不同采收期和不同处理方法油茶籽及其油脂营养品质的比较分析，探讨了油茶籽成熟过程中营养物质积累变化的动态规律，确定了适宜的采收期和适宜的采后处理方法。结果表明：在浙江省及相似气候区，普通油茶籽以10月末采收为宜；过早采收或过晚捡拾落地籽都有造成油脂酸值和过氧化值升高的风险；过早采收还会导致油中油酸含量、角鲨烯、β-谷甾醇及VE等含量偏低；与10月7日相比，10月28日采收的油茶籽出仁率和粗脂肪含量分别提高了19.80%和3803%，油脂中的油酸含量提高了2.52%，酸值和过氧化值降低了57%和36%，油中的角鲨烯、β-谷甾醇和VE的含量分别增长了64.7%、108.5%和22.7%。油茶果采后应及时脱蒲取籽尽快晒干，遇到阴雨天气时脱壳后低温烘干，避免采用传统的堆沤处理，以防止油脂品质的劣变。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effects of different harvest time and treatment methods on nutritional quality of oil-tea camellia seed and its oil were comparatively analyzed to study the dynamic regulation of nutrient accumulation during the mature of oil-tea camellia seed and determine the optimal harvest time and postharvest treatment method.The results showed that in Zhejiang province and similar climate areas，the appropriate harvest time of common oil-tea camellia seed was in the end of October，and premature harvest or too late to pick up the ground seed could both lead to the increase of acid value and peroxide value of oil-tea camellia seed oil. Premature harvest could reduce the contents of oleic acid，squalene，β-sitosterol and vitamin E in oil-tea camellia seed oil. Compared with the sample harvested on October 7th，the kernel rate and crude fat content in oil-tea camellia seed harvested on October 28th were increased by 1980% and 38.03% respectively，and the contents of oleic acid，squalene， β-sitosterol and vitamin E in the oil increased by 2.52%，64.7%，108.5% and 22.7% respectively，while the acid value and peroxide value decreased by 57% and 36% respectively. The green shell should be removed from harvested oil-tea camellia fruit in time and be dried in the sun or at low temperature in rainy days as soon as possible，and the traditional retting should be avoid to prevent the deterioration of oil quality. |
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