| The n-butyl gallate was prepared by microwave irradiation method with gallic acid and n-butyl alcohol as raw materials and activated carbon supported phosphotungstic acid as catalyst. The catalytic performance of catalysts with different loads of phosphotungstic acid and its reusability were studied. The effects of microwave irradiation power, dosage of catalyst, molar ratio of gallic acid to n-butyl alcohol, reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield of n-butyl gallate were investigated. The synthesis conditions of n-butyl gallate were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology, and the product was characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the catalytic performance of catalyst with 26.89% loads of phosphotungstic acid was good, and the catalyst could be reused for many times. The optimal synthesis conditions were obtained as follows: dosage of gallic acid 005 mol, microwave irradiation power 400 W, dosage of catalyst 1.02 g(phosphotungstic acid load 2689%), molar ratio of gallic acid to n-butyl alcohol 1∶?11, reaction temperature 127?℃ and reaction time 34 min. Under these conditions, the yield of n-butyl gallate reached 89.96%. The product was characterized as n-butyl gallate by infrared spectroscopy. |
