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| 不同方法提取仙人掌果籽油的比较研究 |
| Comparison of different extraction methods for seed oil from cactus fruit |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 仙人掌果 籽油 脂肪酸 生育酚 |
| 英文关键词:cactus fruit seed oil fatty acid tocopherol |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以海南仙人掌果籽为研究对象，采用索氏提取法、氯仿-甲醇提取法、超声辅助正己烷提取法提取仙人掌果籽油，研究不同提取方法对仙人掌果籽油的提取率、脂肪酸和生育酚组成及含量的影响。结果显示：3种提取方法中，索氏提取法的提油率最高（11.06%），其次是超声辅助正己烷提取法（6.96%），氯仿-甲醇提取法最低（6.30%）。3种提取方法对仙人掌果籽油脂肪酸和生育酚组成无显著影响，但对其含量有一定的影响。氯仿-甲醇提取法的饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于其他两种提取方法；索氏提取法的不饱和脂肪含量显著高于其他两种提取方法。3种提取方法得到的仙人掌果籽油中生育酚为γ-生育酚，含量依次为超声辅助正己烷提取法（47.45 mg/100 g）＞氯仿-甲醇提取法（41.09 mg/100 g）＞索氏提取法（40.20 mg/100 g）。3种提取方法各有特点，相比之下，超声辅助正己烷提取法操作简单，方便快捷，更适宜仙人掌果籽油的提取。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Seed oil of Hainan cactus fruit was respectively extracted by Soxhlet extraction, chloroform-methanol and ultrasound-assisted n-hexane extraction methods to explore the effects of different extraction methods on oil yield, compositions and contents of fatty acid and tocopherol. The results showed that Soxhlet extraction method had the highest oil yield(11.06%), followed by ultrasound-assisted n-hexane extraction method (6.96%) and cholroform-methanol method(6.30%). There was no significant variation in the fatty acid and tocopherol compositions of cactus fruit seed oil, but the contents of fatty acids and tocopherols varied. The content of saturated acid in cactus fruit seed oil extracted by chloroform-methanol method was significantly higher than that by the other two methods.The content of unsaturated acid in cactus fruit seed oil extracted by Soxhlet extraction method was significantly higher than that by the other two methods. The tocopherol in cactus fruit seed oil obtained by the three methods was γ-tocopherol,and the content order from high to low was ultrasound-assisted n-hexane extraction method(47.45 mg/100 g), chloroform-methanol extraction method(41.09 mg/100 g), Soxhlet extraction method(40.20 mg/100 g).The three methods had their own characteristics.In contrast, ultrasound-assisted n-hexane extraction method had advantages of easier operation and convenience, and it was more suitable for the extraction of cactus fruit seed oil. |
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