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| 马蔺籽油的索氏提取工艺、成分分析及抗氧化活性研究 |
| Soxhlet extraction process, composition analysis and antioxidant activity of Iris lactea seed oil |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 马蔺籽油 提取工艺 响应面法 GC-MS 脂肪酸组成 不皂化物 抗氧化活性 |
| 英文关键词:Iris lactea seed oil extraction process response surface methodology GC-MS fatty acid composition unsaponifiable matter antioxidant activity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年基金（81403051）；青海省高端创新人才千人计划项目（2017年度）；青海省自然科学基金面上项目（2019-ZJ-904）；青海省科研基础条件创新平台专项项目(2020-ZJ-T05) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以石油醚为提取溶剂，选取提取时间、提取温度、料液比作为考察因素，在单因素实验的基础上，以马蔺籽油得率为响应值，进行响应面优化实验以确定马蔺籽油最佳提取工艺条件。对马蔺籽油的理化性质、脂肪酸组成及不皂化物成分进行分析，同时研究了马蔺籽油的抗氧化活性。结果表明，马蔺籽油索氏提取最佳工艺条件为提取时间6 h、提取温度70 ℃、料液比1∶ 26。在最佳条件下，马蔺籽油得率达到11.20%。马蔺籽油在265 nm处的吸光度为4.667，呈现黄色透明状。马蔺籽油不皂化物含量1.37%，皂化值(KOH)185.2 mg/g，酸价（KOH）0.038 mg/g，碘值（I）113.7 g/100 g，过氧化值5.159 mmol/kg。GC-MS分析结果显示，马蔺籽油不饱和脂肪酸含量为8471%，脂肪酸组成主要为亚油酸（45.32%）、油酸（38.42%）、棕榈酸（6.88%）及硬脂酸（238%）。不皂化物中甾醇类化合物总含量高达66.19%，其中β-谷甾醇725.87 mg/kg、菜油甾醇410.50 mg/kg、豆甾醇1 231.55 mg/kg，另外还含有高浓度的抗氧化剂豆甾-5，24(28)-二烯-3β-醇。马蔺籽油具有良好的抗氧化活性，DPPH自由基清除率IC50值为19.86 mg/mL，FRAP法测定其在质量浓度为280 mg/mL时总抗氧化能力为0.202 4 mmol/L。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The petroleum ether was used as the extraction solvent, extraction time, extraction temperature and ratio of material to liquid were selected as influencing factors, and the extraction conditions of Iris lactea seed oil (ILSO) were optimized by response surface methodology on the basis of single factor experiment with yield of ILSO as response value. The physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition and unsaponifiable matter components of ILSO were analyzed, and the antioxidant activities of ILSO were also studied. The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of ILSO were obtained as follows: extraction time 6 h, extraction temperature 70 ℃, and ratio of material to liquid 1∶ 26. Under these conditions, the yield of ILSO reached 11.20%. The ILSO was yellow and transparent.The absorbance of the ILSO at 265 nm was 4.667, the unsaponifiable matter content was 137%, the saponification value was 185.2 mgKOH/g, the acid value was 0.038 mgKOH/g, the iodine value was 113.7 gI/100 g, and the peroxide value was 5.159 mmol/kg. The GC-MS results showed that the content of unsaturated fatty acids in ILSO was 84.71%, and the fatty acids were mainly composed of linoleic acid (45.32%), oleic acid (38.42%), palmitic acid (6.88%) and stearic acid (2.38%). The total content of sterols in unsaponifiable matters was as high as 66.19%, in which β-sitosterol content was 725.87 mg/kg, stigmasterol content was 1 231.55 mg/kg, and campesterol content was 410.50 mg/kg. The ILSO also contained a high concentration of antioxidant stigmasterol-5,24 (28) -diene-3β-ol. ILSO had good antioxidant activity with the IC50 of scavenging rate on DPPH free radical 19.86 mg/mL and the total antioxidant capacity determined by FRAP method 0.202 4 mmol/L (mass concentration of ILSO 280 mg/mL). |
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