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| 玉米醇溶蛋白的超声辅助酶法提取工艺 及不同提取方法对其结构和功能特性的影响 |
| Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction of zein and effects of different extraction methods on its structure and functional properties |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 超声波辅助提取 α-淀粉酶 玉米醇溶蛋白 功能特性 结构 |
| 英文关键词:ultrasound-assisted extraction α-amylase zein functional property structure |
| 基金项目:河南工业大学青年骨干教师培育计划项目（21420051）；河南省高等学校青年骨干培养计划；河南省重点研发与推广专项（182102110253）；小麦和玉米深加工国家工程中心（NL2018008） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以玉米蛋白粉为原料，对超声辅助α-淀粉酶提取玉米醇溶蛋白的工艺条件进行探究，并研究了超声波法、α-淀粉酶法、超声辅助α-淀粉酶法和醇法对玉米醇溶蛋白功能特性和结构的影响。结果表明：超声辅助α-淀粉酶法在超声功率密度2.85 W/cm3、超声时间35 min、超声温度45 ℃、酶添加量0.9%、酶解pH 6.0时提取的玉米醇溶蛋白蛋白质含量最高，为80.09%，显著高于超声波法(68.49%)和α-淀粉酶法(76.37%)提取的玉米醇溶蛋白；与醇法相比，超声辅助α-淀粉酶法、超声波法和α-淀粉酶法玉米醇溶蛋白的持水/持油力和乳化活性显著提高，溶解度和粒径减小，玉米醇溶蛋白二级结构更舒展，紫外吸收增强，内源荧光最大吸收峰发生红移，巯基含量升高，二硫键含量显著降低；不同提取方法对玉米醇溶蛋白的相对分子质量影响不大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Using corn protein powder as raw material, the process conditions of ultrasound-assisted α-amylase extraction of zein were explored,and the effects of ultrasonic method, α-amylase method, ultrasound-assisted α-amylase method and ethanol method on the functional properties and structure of zein were studied. The results showed that zein extracted by ultrasound-assisted α-amylase method had the highest protein content (80.09%) when the ultrasonic power density was 2.85 W/cm3, ultrasonic time was 35 min, ultrasonic temperature was 45 ℃, enzyme dosage was 0.9%, and the enzymatic hydrolysis pH was 6.0, significantly higher than that by ultrasonic method (68.49%) and α-amylase method (76.37%). By analyzing the functional properties and structure changes of zein obtained by differnet methods, it was found that compared with ethanol method,the water/oil holding capacity and emulsifying activity of zein extracted by ultrasound-assisted α-amylase method, ultrasonic method and α-amylase method were significantly improved, and solubility and particle size were reduced,and the secondary structure of zein was more stretched,the ultraviolet absorption of gliadin was enhanced, the maximum absorption peak of endogenous fluorescence was red-shifted, the content of sulfhydryl groups increased, and the content of disulfide bonds decreased significantly.While different extraction methods had little effect on the relative molecular weight of zein. |
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