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| Changes of phenotypic characters and oil content of Camellia oleifera during fruit development |
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| DOI： |
| KeyWord:Camellia oleifera fruit development phenotypic character oil content |
| FundProject:陕西省科技厅农业科技创新与攻关项目（2016NY-007）；陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目(16JK1144)；陕南秦巴山区生物资源综合开发协同创新中心项目(QBXT-Z(P)-15-16) |
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| Abstract: |
| Taking Hanzhong common Camellia oleifera Hanyou 3, Hanyou 4, Hanyou 5, Hanyou 18 and Hanyou 30 as the research objects, Hanyou 7, Hanyou 10, Changlin 4 and Changlin 59 were selected as references,and the phenotypic characters and oil content of nine varieties Camellia oleifera during the fruit development period from July to October in 2018 and 2019 were observed and measured. The results showed that from July to August, it was an important period for the increase of fruit size. It was the fastest increase time in the weight of Camellia oleifera fruit from July to September. In the process of fruit ripening, the thickness of pericarp gradually became thinner. The fruit shape was divided into olive shape, ovate, globose and orange shape, in which the number of ovate fruit and globose fruit was the most. The weight of single seed was different among the samples. The weight of single seed of Hanyou 18 was the largest, with mean of 10.84 g, and that of Hanyou 3 was the smallest, with only 3.18 g. The moisture content decreased with seed maturation from July to October, and the moisture content dropped fastest from September to October. The dry kernel rate and seed yield increased with growth and development month by month. Multivariate analysis showed that all of growth factors of Camellia oleifera fruit changed obviously from July to August. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between oil content and dry kernel rate. Based on the study of phenotypic characters and oil content of several Camellia oleifera fruits in Hanzhong, three small fruit varieties Hanyou 3, Hanyou 4 and Hanyou 5 with high oil content and one big fruit variety Hanyou 18 with low oil content were selected. This study provided theoretical basis and data support for the breeding and cultivation of Camellia oleifera in the suitable area of the northern margin. |
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