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| 不同品种类型芝麻品质性状的比较分析 |
| Comparison of seed quality traits among different variety groups in sesame |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 芝麻 品质性状 农艺性状 株型 叶腋花数 |
| 英文关键词:sesame quality trait agronomic trait flowers per leaf axil |
| 基金项目:河南省重大科技专项（201300110600）；河南省重点研发与推广专项（202102110026）；国家特色油料产业技术体系项目（CARS-14）；河南省农业科学院基本科研业务费项目（2021ZC69）；河南省农业科学院基础性科研工作（2020JC08，2021JC13） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为全面分析不同品种类型芝麻的品质性状及其与重要农艺性状间的关系，筛选294个代表性芝麻品种资源，通过多点种植和测定籽粒脂肪、蛋白质、芝麻素和芝麻林素含量，对不同品种类型芝麻的品质性状进行了差异比较，并对品质性状之间和品质性状与农艺性状的相关性进行了分析。结果表明，294个芝麻品种脂肪、蛋白质、芝麻素和芝麻林素平均含量分别为52.77%、20.41%、310 mg/g和1.92 mg/g。不同株型芝麻，单秆型品种脂肪、芝麻素含量极显著高于分枝型品种，蛋白质含量显著低于分枝型品种，芝麻林素含量差异不显著；不同叶腋花数芝麻，单花型品种脂肪、芝麻素含量极显著低于三花型品种，蛋白质含量极显著高于三花型品种，芝麻林素含量显著低于三花型品种。不同品种芝麻脂肪含量与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关，与芝麻素、芝麻林素含量呈极显著正相关；蛋白质含量与芝麻素、芝麻林素含量呈极显著负相关；芝麻素与芝麻林素含量呈极显著正相关；脂肪含量与生育期、籽粒颜色L*值、b*值呈极显著正相关，与千粒重、籽粒长度、宽度、长宽比和籽粒颜色a*值呈极显著负相关；蛋白质含量与千粒重、籽粒长度、籽粒宽度、籽粒长宽比呈极显著正相关，与生育期、籽粒颜色L*值及b*值呈极显著负相关，与籽粒颜色a*值相关性不显著；芝麻素含量与生育期呈显著正相关，与籽粒长宽比、籽粒颜色L*值及b*值呈极显著正相关，与千粒重、籽粒长度呈极显著负相关，与籽粒宽度、颜色a*值相关性不显著；芝麻林素含量与生育期、籽粒颜色a*值及b*值呈极显著正相关，与千粒重、籽粒长度、籽粒宽度呈极显著负相关，与籽粒长宽比、籽粒颜色L*值相关性不显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to comprehensively analyzing the quality traits among different varieties and types of sesame and the relationship between the quality traits and important agronomic traits, 294 representative sesame varieties were selected and planted in two locations, and four quality traits of sample were tested and evaluated. The differences of the quality traits were compared, and the correlation between different quality traits and the quality traits and agronomic traits were analyzed. The results showed that the means of 294 sesame varieties oil, protein, sesamin and sesamolin contents were 52.77%, 20.41%, 3.10 mg/g and 1.92 mg/g, respectively. The oil and sesamin contents of single-stemmed variety group were very significantly higher than that of branched group, and the protein content was significantly lower than that of branched group, and there was no significant difference in sesamolin content. The oil and sesamin contents of mono-flowered variety group were very significantly lower than that of tri-flowered group, and the sesamolin content was significantly lower than that of tri-flowered group, and protein content was very significantly higher than that of tri-flowered varieties. The oil content had an extremely significant negative correlation with protein content, but showed highly significant positive correlations with sesamin and sesamolin contents. The protein content showed highly significant negative correlations with sesamin and sesamolin contents, and a highly significant positive correlation was also found between sesamin and sesamolin contents.The oil content showed high significant positive correlations with growth period, seed color L* and b* values, but it had high significant negative associations with the 1 000-seed weight, seed length, width, length/width ratio and seed color a* value. The protein content had very significant positive correlations with 1 000-seed weight, seed length, width, and length/width ratio, while it had very significant negative correlations with growth period, seed color L* and b* values, and there was no significant correlation with seed color a* value. The sesamin content had significant or very significant positive correlations with growth period, seed length/width ratio, color L* and b* values, but it had very significant negative correlations with 1000-seed weight and seed length, and there was no significant correlation with seed width and color a* value. The sesamolin content showed high significant positive correlations with growth period, color a* and b* values, but it had highly significant negative correlations with 1 000-seed weight, seed length and width, and there was no significant correlation with seed length/width ratio and color L* value. |
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