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| Optimization of aqueous enzymatic extraction process of pecan oil and its quality analysis |
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| KeyWord:pecan aqueous enzymatic method oil extraction quality active substance |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to optimize the process of aqueous enzymatic extraction of pecan oil, with the pecan nut as the raw material,the oil was extracted by aqueous enzymatic method and suitable enzyme was selected. On the basis of single factor experiment, the effects of solid-liquid ratio, enzyme dosage, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature, enzymatic hydrolysis time and enzymatic hydrolysis pH on the extraction rate of pecan oil were studied by orthogonal experiment, and the qualities of pecan oils produced by aqueous enzymatic method, pressing method and solvent extraction method were compared. The results showed that protease was selected as the suitable enzyme. The optimal conditions of aqueous enzymatic extraction of pecan oil were obtained as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1∶ 4, enzyme dosage 25%, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 55 ℃, enzymatic hydrolysis time 2.0 h, and enzymatic hydrolysis pH 8. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of pecan oil was 68.44%. There were seven main fatty acids in pecan oil including palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidic acid and cis-11-eicosenoic acid. The content of unsaturated fatty acids was higher than 90%, mainly oleic acid and linoleic acid. Oleic acid and linoleic acid accounted for more than 70% and 15% respectively. Comparing the three oil producing methods, the quality of pecan oil extracted by aqueous enzymatic method was the best with higher contents of oleic acid, tocopherol, total phenols, β-phytosterol and squalene. Aqueous enzymatic method is an ideal method to extract pecan oil. |
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