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| Synthesis of biodiesel catalyzed by potassium phthalimide |
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| DOI： |
| KeyWord:biodiesel potassium phthalimide triglyceride homogeneous reaction heterogeneous separation |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to solve the problems in biodiesel synthesis by transesterification, such as difficult separation of homogeneous catalysts, and easy deactivation and large dosage of heterogeneous catalysts, potassium phthalimide was proposed to catalyze the synthesis of biodiesel from soybean oil and methanol. The effects of catalyst dosage, molar ratio of methanol to oil, reaction temperature and reaction time on triglyceride conversion were investigated by single factor experiment, and then the response surface experiment was carried to optimize the synthesis conditions of biodiesel by Design-Expert software. The solubility of potassium phthalimide in glycerol and methanol and its reusability as a catalyst were investigated. The structure and composition of biodiesel synthesized were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that the optimal reaction conditions for the synthesis of biodiesel were obtained as follows: reaction temperature 60℃, molar ratio of methanol to oil 7.15∶1, reaction time 2.4 h, and catalyst dosage 1.2%. Under these conditions, the triglyceride conversion was 96.0%. The catalyst potassium phthalimide was soluble in methanol and glycerol at high temperature, and could be precipitated in glycerol at low temperature. The catalyst was recycled four times and the triglyceride conversion was still above 85%. Infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that biodiesel was successfully synthesized with 83.09% of methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl stearate. In conclusion, potassium phthalimide as a catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel has high catalytic performance and good reusability,and can realize homogeneous transesterification and heterogeneous separation. |
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