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| Contamination investigation and health risk assessment of chloropropanol esters and glycidyl esters in three health functional oils |
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| DOI：10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240226 |
| KeyWord:fish oil and its products grape seed oil safflower seed oil chloropropanol esters glycidyl esters |
| FundProject:国家自然科学基金(81172671)；福建省卫生健康科技计划项目(2023CXA030) |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Yi1,2, FU Wusheng1,2,3, 4, NI Lei2, CHEN Jinxiong2,3,
CAI Jiaming2, TANG Cuiying1,2 | 1.College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
2.Fujian Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,
Fuzhou 350001, China
3.College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,
Fuzhou 350002, China
4.School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, China |
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| Abstract: |
| To provide a reference for the market supervision and quality improvement of health functional oils in our country, three types of commercially available health functional oils (fish oil and its products, grape seed oil, and safflower seed oil) were randomly collected, and determined for the contamination levels of chloropropanol esters (MCPDE) and glycidyl esters (GE) according to the GB 5009.191-2024, and chronic exposure assessment and carcinogenic risk evaluation were conducted with the point estimation method. The results showed that the detection rates of 3-MCPDE, 2-MCPDE, and GE in fish oil and its products were 98.1%,83.3%, and 100%, respectively, with average contents of 1.53, 0.383 mg/kg and 0.472 mg/kg, and the total exceedance rate (EU standard) of 3-MCPDE and GE was 14.8%. The detection rates of 3-MCPDE, 2-MCPDE, and GE in grape seed oil and safflower seed oil were both 100%, with average contents of 0.998, 0.470 mg/kg and 0.883 mg/kg, respectively, and the total exceedance rate of 3-MCPDE and GE was 26.7%.The exposure levels of 3-MCPDE in fish oil and its proudcts, grape seed oil and safflower seed oil accounted for 3.53%-4.46%, 23.0%-29.1% of the EFSA′s tolerable daily intake (TDI) respectively, indicating low health risks. Carcinogenic risk of GE was estimated using EFSA (T25) and JECFA (BMDL10) methods. The minimum margin of exposure (MOE) for fish oil and its products were 3.71×105 and 0.873×105, respectively, which were above the safety threshold, indicating low carcinogenic risk. The maximum MOE for grape seed oil and safflower seed oil were 2.50×104 and 5.89×103, respectively, both below the safety threshold, indicating carcinogenic risk, warranting attention. In conclusion, MCPDE and GE contamination are common in the three oils. The health risk of 3-MCPDE exposure in the adult population is low. However, individuals consuming grape seed oil or safflower seed oil in the long term may face carcinogenic risks due to GE contamination, necessitating prioritized attention to GE contamination. |
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